What is Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)? Understanding Progressive Liver Inflammation Without Alcohol Use
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious and progressive form of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), characterized by liver inflammation and cell damage due to fat accumulation in the liver — in individuals who consume little to no alcohol. Unlike simple fatty liver, NASH can lead to liver fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis, liver failure, and even liver cancer.
NASH is most commonly found in people who are overweight, diabetic, or have high cholesterol or metabolic syndrome. However, it often goes undetected due to a lack of symptoms in early stages. With rising obesity and diabetes rates, NASH is becoming one of the leading causes of liver transplants worldwide.
Symptoms of NASH
NASH is often called a “silent” disease because many people don’t experience symptoms until the condition becomes severe. However, as liver damage progresses, symptoms may include:
- Chronic Fatigue: Feeling tired or low energy, even with rest
- Right Upper Abdominal Discomfort: A dull or persistent pain near the liver
- Unexplained Weight Loss: Often seen in more advanced disease
- Swelling or Jaundice: In late stages, fluid buildup, yellowing of the skin or eyes may occur
- Mental Confusion: Severe liver dysfunction can affect brain function (hepatic encephalopathy)
Routine blood tests or imaging studies often reveal elevated liver enzymes, which may lead to further evaluation and diagnosis.
