What is Hyperuricemia? Understanding High Uric Acid Levels
Hyperuricemia is a condition characterized by an excess of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a natural waste product formed when the body breaks down purines—substances found in certain foods and cells. Normally, uric acid is dissolved in the blood and eliminated through the kidneys, but when the body produces too much or the kidneys excrete too little, levels can build up. Persistently high uric acid levels can lead to gout, kidney stones, and chronic kidney disease.
Symptoms and Risks of Hyperuricemia
While hyperuricemia itself may not cause immediate symptoms, it can lead to several serious health complications over time:
- Gout: A type of arthritis that causes sudden, severe joint pain, typically in the big toe, along with redness and swelling.
- Kidney Stones: Crystallized uric acid can form stones in the kidneys, causing pain, blood in urine, and potential infection.
- Tophi: Deposits of uric acid crystals under the skin, often seen in chronic gout cases.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Ongoing high uric acid can damage kidney function.
Cardiovascular Risk: Research suggests a possible link between hyperuricemia and increased risk of hypertension and heart disease.