What is Diabetic Neuropathy? Understanding Nerve Damage in Diabetes
Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. It is one of the most common complications of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, affecting up to 50% of diabetic patients over time. This condition primarily affects the nerves in the legs and feet but can also impact digestive, urinary, and cardiovascular functions. If left untreated, diabetic neuropathy can lead to serious health issues, including foot ulcers, infections, and even amputation.
Symptoms of Diabetic Neuropathy
The symptoms of diabetic neuropathy can vary depending on the type and severity of nerve damage:
- Peripheral Neuropathy: Numbness, tingling, burning, or pain in the feet, legs, hands, or arms.
- Autonomic Neuropathy: Digestive problems (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), bladder issues, or changes in heart rate and blood pressure.
- Focal Neuropathy: Sudden weakness or pain in a specific nerve or group of nerves, often in the head, torso, or leg.
Proximal Neuropathy: Muscle weakness and pain, usually on one side of the body, particularly in the hips, thighs, or buttocks.