What Is the Influenza Vaccine?
The influenza vaccine, also known as the flu shot, is a preventive immunization designed to protect against influenza viruses that change year after year. Influenza is a highly contagious respiratory illness that affects millions worldwide, causing fever, cough, muscle aches, and, in severe cases, hospitalization or death.
Because influenza viruses mutate rapidly, the flu vaccine is updated annually to match the strains expected to circulate in the upcoming season. For this reason, getting vaccinated every year is essential to maintain protection.
At BioResearch Partner, we help advance clinical trials and vaccine research to improve influenza vaccine effectiveness, ensure safety across populations, and explore next-generation flu vaccines.
Why Is the Influenza Vaccine Important?
The flu is more than just a seasonal inconvenience — it’s a major global health threat. According to the CDC, influenza causes millions of infections, hundreds of thousands of hospitalizations, and tens of thousands of deaths each year in the U.S. alone.
The influenza vaccine helps:
- Prevent infection or reduce illness severity.
- Decrease hospitalizations and complications, especially in vulnerable populations.
- Slow community transmission through herd immunity.
- Reduce healthcare costs and absenteeism from work and school.
Vaccination remains the most effective method to protect yourself and others from seasonal flu.
Types of Influenza Vaccines
There are several types of flu vaccines available, each designed for specific age groups and health needs.
- Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (IIV): Traditional flu shot made from killed virus particles.
- Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV): A nasal spray containing weakened flu virus, typically for healthy individuals ages 2–49.
- Recombinant Influenza Vaccine (RIV): Produced without using the influenza virus or eggs, suitable for people with egg allergies.
- High-Dose Flu Vaccine: Designed for adults aged 65 and older to generate a stronger immune response.
- Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine: Includes an added ingredient that boosts immune response, also targeted for older adults.
Quadrivalent Vaccines: Protect against four influenza strains (two A strains and two B strains) for broader coverage.